Filmes biopoliméricos aditivados com extratos naturais de frutas vermelhas com potencial para embalagens de alimentos

Abstract

New technologies for food packaging have led to the study of biopolymer films and their main advantage is their shorter degradation time when compared to plastic films made from synthetic polymers. In order to make biopolymer films with bioactive characteristics, natural extracts of red fruits have been incorporated. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain biopolymeric carrageenan films with natural extracts of blackberry, raspberry and blueberry in order to propose biopolymeric materials for use in food packaging for food preservation. The natural extracts were obtained using the maceration method (80º C for 2 hours) and had high levels of TPC, TA and AA. The films were obtained using the casting technique. The films were evaluated for color, thickness, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability (WVP), swelling index and controlled release of TPC. The mass loss of strawberries when packaged with the control and additive biopolymer films was evaluated. The experimental data was analyzed using statistical software applying mean comparison tests such as Tukey's test at a 5% significance level. . The natural extracts showed a range of 2268.71 to 2681.07 mgEAG/100g for total phenolic compounds, 192.27 to 347.56 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside/100g for anthocyanins and 482.62 to 576.31 µmol/g Trolox for antioxidant activity. In characterizing the biopolymer films, the thickness ranged from 0.038 to 0.049 mm, the elongation percentage from 10.9 to 15.4 MPa, tensile strength from 10.8 to 23.5 %, water vapour permeability from 2.32.10-11 to 2.59.10-11 g.m-1. Pa-1. s-1 and swelling index from 90.86 to 93.84 %. In terms of the controlled release of phenolic compounds, the films showed a release in simulated acidic media of between 30.86 and 74.47 mgEAG/100g.As for mass loss, there was a range of 12.9 to 15.4% loss in strawberries packed for 10 days. Overall, the biopolymeric films developed in this study showed promise, especially in their characterization with interesting properties and characteristics for use as food packaging materials, with emphasis on the biopolymeric film with blueberry extract, where it was possible to observe its potential in several analyses.