A literatura e a educação: a importância do estudo da literatura e seus gêneros para a construção de uma educação cidadã

Abstract

The realization of this work came from concerns about the conception that the Portuguese Language teacher has in relation to the teaching of Literature, through its genres, in order to build a Citizen Education. Literature is the art of composing texts and there are several types of literary textual productions such as prose, poetry, fiction, popular novel, cordel and erudite, the experience with the literary text is important and fundamental for the student to build his identity as a citizen , as it brings issues that involve the history of humanity and not just feelings, emotion, leisure, that is, it favors the development of thinking about ethical, political, social and ideological issues, in addition to leading to an analysis of linguistic strategies in construction of text. Some theorists used: Carvalho (2015), Sant'ana (2008), Almeida (2014), Diana (2020), Silva (2019), Riter (2009), Marinho (2020), Lima and López (2015), Cândido (2008) and Freire (1996). To better understand the topic, this work was divided into topics considered relevant and in accordance with the proposed objectives, providing a foundation centered on studies by several authors who contributed, directly or indirectly, to its realization. Each topic revealed concepts that became essential for thinking about teacher education. Through a bibliographic research methodology in a qualitative approach, data were collected through information obtained from texts, books, articles published and available on reliable websites and other materials aligned with the proposal of the work. At the end of the research, the final results were reached by noting that reading practices should be experienced from the beginning of the child's schooling, through Elementary School to High School, aiming at the formation of an autonomous reader, capable of acting and transforming your reality. It is concluded, therefore, that forming critical readers involves understanding that the literary text goes beyond genius, but presupposes a complex work of reading and re-reading the author's daily life. And, to ensure this learning, it is necessary to understand that the diversity of genres allows students to access written culture from different literary conceptions and to have a new vision of the world around them.