O ensino médio e a preparação para o trabalho: uma revisão teórica das reformas de 1990 a 2020

Abstract

In the class society in which we live, it is undeniable that many young people cannot relegate their insertion in the labor market to after higher education. Work in its historical sense, of economic production, is not only a necessity but also a condition for the continuation of studies in higher education. This research is concerned with the condition of the working student, and with the quality of education that is offered to him, in this way this research is developed in order to answer the following problem: “How are the high school reforms that developed from 1990 to 2020 driving job readiness?” The methodology used is qualitative with bibliographic research. In this way, a theoretical review of the reforms was carried out, based on the critical considerations of authors such as Acácia Kuenzer, Gaudêncio Frigotto, Marise Ramos, among others. An analysis was also carried out in the primary sources, that is, in the documents of the DCNEM of 1998 and 2012, and also in the National Curricular Common Base. However, this analysis of the documents was evident in the sense of confirming the propositions of the theoretical review. It is argued in this research that secondary education that is committed to the interests of the working class should be a single education, breaking with duality, and, integrated with vocational education, that meets training for all dimensions of life: work, culture and science, and understand work as human and productive praxis. Through this defense of the teaching concept, it is concluded that the reforms that took place from 1990 to 2020 do not advance in the proposal of an education for those who live from work, with a limited exception of decree 5.154/04.