Programa saúde na escola: percepções de multiplicadores sobre facilidades e barreiras do programa em um município da fronteira oeste do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

The School Health Program (PSE) aims at articulating educational establishments and the Basic Health Network, with the aim of contributing to the integral education of students through prevention, promotion and health care actions. The objective of this work was to analyze the perceptions of professionals working in the PSE, in the city of Uruguaiana/RS, in order to identify possible barriers and facilities regarding its execution and development. From this point onwards, a cross-sectional, quali-quantitative and descriptive study was carried out, in which mixed-type questionnaires were applied, through the GOOGLE FORMS platform, being an instrument for multipliers of the program at school, and the multipliers of the PSE in the Basic Health Network. The instruments sought to identify the professional profile of these multipliers, general characteristics of the actions of the PSE, as well as analyze their perception of the program's positive and negative aspects. Qualitative data analyzed according to Bardin's content analysis. 26 teachers were included in the study, most of them had a workload of 40 hours per week (50%) with training in pedagogy (46.2%); and 11 health professionals, all nurses, and both multipliers, for the most part, had worked in the PSE for less than five years. As positive aspects of the PSE, the multipliers highlighted the importance of partnership/interaction between the school community, teachers and health professionals. The main difficulties identified were the resistance of teachers and their lack of understanding about the importance of the PSE actions, as well as the lack of commitment between the school and the actions. Given the above, we believe that this investigation contributes to the scientific community with another panorama of a city that has PSE actions and its specific particularities. Through studies such as these, it is possible to identify barriers and facilitators for the purpose of future managemen adjustments, especially with regard to the intersectoral approach, a key part of the program.