Influência da composição do substrato na produção de cogumelos do tipo Pleurotus Ostreatus

Abstract

Mushrooms have been used as food for a long time in the Orient. Its consumption has increased over the last few decades in Western food culture as well. Mushrooms are heterotrophic organisms and for development and fruiting they need a substrate enriched with the appropriate needs of each species. In order to consider a biotechnologically viable crop, substrates can be formulated by using residues from agricultural industries, which commonly generate a wide variety of lignocellulosic materials. Thus, the present work aimed to study the feasibility of using wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse as substrates for the development and fruiting of the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, shimeji-white lineage. The work was developed through a partnership with the company Fungi Nativo Cogumelos, located in Bom Retiro do Sul. To carry out the study, different proportions of waste were used in the composition of the substrate. Also, the effect of using wheat bran as a nitrogen source on the substrate composition was evaluated. As answers, mass yield, biological efficiency and crop productivity were evaluated. The experimental data were analyzed using the Statistica software, proposing through analysis of variance mathematical models for yield and biological efficiency. The results indicate that a better yield was obtained when using a substrate with less sugarcane bagasse and more bran in its constitution. As for productivity, the crops showed an average conversion of 15% of substrate mass to fruiting bodies in a period of 64 days.