Mapeamento de fachadas da edificação do DTIC por meio de imagens panorâmicas geradas por VANT

Abstract

Over the years, it has been increasingly common to find buildings with problems arising from degradation agents, which end up significantly compromising their performance. Although preventive building inspections are an important measure for the conservation of buildings, there is still no consolidated culture of maintenance and inspection in Brazil. This work aimed to carry out the identification and quantification of the pathological manifestations of the facades of the building of the Directorate of Information and Communication Technology (DTIC), located on the UNIPAMPA campus, in Alegrete/RS, before and after six months of its revitalization. Comparison of the external damage of the critical facade with its internal damage was also carried out. The applied methodology involved visits to the building, data collection through images obtained by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Damage Identification Sheets. Based on the analysis of the damage maps, it found out that the facade most affected in terms of anomalies was the one facing east, followed by the facade facing south. In contrast, the west-facing facade exhibited a lower level of degradation, and finally, the north-facing facade was the least impacted. The second inspection of the building, carried out six months after the revitalization, showed the return of some anomalies on the facades, such as mold and mildew. In the critical facade, it found out that certain internal pathological manifestations were related to external anomalies. Comparing the damage maps before and after the revitalization of the facades it showed that the intervention carried out in the building (painting) was not efficient, since it only temporarily hid the anomalies, without effectively correcting them. Regarding the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), it concluded that these equipment are an important tool for mapping pathological manifestations. Because in addition to enabling an effective diagnosis, the use of UAVs offers operator safety, as it eliminates the need to work at height.