Fatores críticos para a implementação do sistema eletrônico de informações em organizações públicas: um estudo sob a ótica conceitual da technology, organization and environment (TOE)

Abstract

The Government, over the last few years, has been making efforts to modernize its processes and consequently improve administrative efficiency, actions that seek greater internal transparency and with society. Driven by the evolution of information technology (IT), the federal government decreed the mandatory processing of its administrative processes through electronic means. The solution adopted by most federal institutions has been the Electronic Information System (SEI) initially developed by the Federal Regional Court of the 4th Region (TRF4). Considering the expenses involved in a process of adoption and implementation of an Information System (IS), the objective of this study is to identify the key factors that can support the decision-making process for the implementation of the Electronic Information System (SEI) in public organizations from the conceptual perspective of TOE theory (Technology, Organization and Environment). A bibliographical survey of studies on the subject was carried out, categorized and validated in the technological, organizational and environmental dimensions. The Delphi technique was also used with fifteen specialists in the area of IS implementation to meet the consensus of critical factors in the categories. These steps allowed the construction of a semi-structured interview guide which was conducted with two professionals from different public organizations. These professionals were key players in the decision-making process for adopting the SEI system. Afterwards, the answers were analyzed using the NVivo software. With a qualitative approach and characterized as a multiple case study method, this study allowed identifying the main factors that supported the SEI adoption process, as well as the motivations (technological, organizational and environmental), the main advantages/benefits (speed to processes, economy, access to information, transparency, productivity, sustainability), possible disadvantages (hardware infrastructure - servers/computers connected full time), difficulties/barriers (divergence in the organizational structure, resistance of servers) process facilitators ( in which support from senior management, raising awareness among employees, the commission's performance, benchmarking and training stood out) and finally a recommendation/good practice to better guide the adoption of information systems, in particular the SEI.