Uma proposta de Astronomia Cultural para o ensino fundamental

Abstract

There are as many interpretations of the sky as there are eyes that observe it. Astronomy is one of the oldest sciences and since the beginning of humanity it has gone hand in hand with the social revolutions of civilizations. Nowadays, when we think about teaching astronomy, we bring a Eurocentric view of the subject to the classroom, however this excludes the visions of the sky of different peoples. One of the best known regions of the sky below the equator is where we find the western constellation of the Southern Cross, but not all social groups gave the same meaning to this constellation. In this region, the peoples of Latin America saw rheas, tortoises and frogs, among other animals. Cultural Astronomy is the area responsible for studying this knowledge, about how different peoples relate to the sky. Considering that the BNCC understands that this astronomical cultural diversity should be taken to the classroom, we outlined our general objective, which consists of understanding the perception of Basic Education teachers about the subject. Still, thinking about how the educator can develop activities in the classroom, we created an educational product that brings discussions about Cultural Astronomy and proposes activities that can be applied at school. We tried to understand the perception of these education professionals before and after having contact with our work, seeking to understand the contributions of our production to the teacher's work. The answers given to the questionnaires are the corpus of our research. The analysis of the data collected by the questionnaires was carried out using the descriptive analysis method, from which we noticed that, although the participants see Cultural Astronomy as a topic that is relevant to be presented to the students, most educators do not have contact with the theme. or they did not find materials that could help to deal with these themes, which makes it difficult to implement the theme in the classroom.