A xenofobia como arma do orientalismo: uma análise das consequências sociopolíticas do colonialismo euro-norte americano à ascensão da república popular da China

Abstract

The present research proposes to analyze how the racial conceptions of inferiorization of eastern peoples - here with a focus directed to China - that resulted from determinations placed from beliefs of superiority of the white and Eurocentric "race", were responsible for the perpetuation of the racial aversion to the Chinese and the yellow “race”, as well as an importunity in the development of China as a rising power in the international system. Considering China as an emerging state and holder of diversified growth possibilities since the beginnings of ancient civilization, the research seeks to permeate its studies by the beginning of the Anglo-Chinese Wars (1839-1860), analyzing the history and obstacles faced by the region that were fostered by disputes over markets and territories by European powers and the United States of America, extending until 1912, when it is considered the dawn of a State that began to free itself from the shackles imposed by the racist mechanisms of the international system, in order to understand at what level the political, social and economic development of the Chinese State was weakened and postponed, and how the creation of exploratory and racist mechanisms that aimed to consolidate and maintain the achieved Euro American hegemony took place. The effectiveness of these mechanisms is studied from the views elaborated on the concept of Orientalism by Edward Said (1978), together with the concept of race, created from the logic of colonialism and which ended up crediting the understanding of the possibility of the existence of subspecies human. From this analysis, it is possible to understand that the racist consequences of orientalism created through racial theories, consolidated, from foreign domination, a paralysis of the Chinese State, which resulted in negative political, economic and social effects on China. , for example, the loss of territorial sovereignty, the low growth of GDP per capita, exclusion and xenophobia against Chinese around the world, among other consequences.