Prevalência de fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em indivíduos com excesso de peso atendidos nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde de um município do sul do Brasil

Abstract

To identify the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in overweight individuals assisted in the basic healthcare units of a city in southern Brazil. In this cross-sectional study, 41 patients of both sexes were included. Sociodemographic and lifestyle data, history of diseases and medication use were collected and blood pressure was measured at the time of interview. Anthropometric measurements of weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference, arm circumference and triceps skinfold thickness were performed and the body mass index was calculated. Dietary intake was assessed using 24hours food record and the adequacy of food intake was performed according to guidelines. Mean age was 40.90 ± 14.47 years and 84.50% of patients were female. Body mass index (BMI) classification was obese for most patients (74.5%). Regarding lifestyles habits, 12.20% of subjects reported being active smokers and 73.20% did not do physical activity. Most patients (82.9%) were classified as obese and according to the adequacy of waist circumference, 17.10% and 78.00% had increased and very increased risk of metabolic complications. Adequate intake of macronutrients, sodium and cholesterol and inadequate for saturated and unsaturated fatty acids was observed and no significant differences between overweight and obesity patients were found. High prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases such as obesity, hypertension and irregular eating habits was observed. An effective strategy aimed on the modification of dietary habits is required to reduce associated mortality.