Inventário dos poluentes atmosféricos veiculares dos estados brasileiros

Abstract

The growth of urbanization, the lack of investment in public transport, the need to move faster and the incentives for vehicle production and consumption in the country, have influenced the significant increase in the use of automobiles. The inventory of emissions of atmospheric pollutants are strategic environmental management tools that measure emissions by specific sources in geographic area and determined interval of time. The development of the inventory is the initial stage for the implementation of programs aimed at improving air quality, as they verify the different sources of pollutants, identify the main pollutants emitted in an area, and make it possible to estimate the effects of atmospheric emissions on air quality. The objective of this work is to present estimates of emissions of vehicular air pollutants from Brazilian states, including greenhouse gases (N 2 O, CH 4 and CO 2 ) and local effect gases (CO, HC, NO x and PM) from light and heavy vehicular sources, of fleet circulating of the year 2016. There are several parameters that influence the quantity and composition of these emissions as vehicle model, year of manufacture, current fleet, engine power, type of maintenance given, conditions of use, round mileage, among others. In this way, it was necessary to obtain detailed information from the regulatory authorities to enable the development of the emissions inventory. The results indicate that the amount of gas produced by the country's vehicles is higher in the Southeast and South regions due to the size of its fleet. It was also confirmed that the substitution of conventional fuels for renewables, as well as the implementation of hybrid cars, can lead to a reduction in the emission of local and global effect gases. Therefore, even now being more financially expensive, the country needs to have a more sustainable vision, as these substitutions can bring benefits to the planet.