Avaliação do efeito de nanopartículas carreadoras de luteína sobre o modelo de transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento em Drosophila melanogaster

Abstract

Neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterized by persistent changes in communication and social interactions, as well as restricted and stereotyped patterns of behavior. Exposure to insecticides such as imidacloprid has been used to develop a model of neurodevelopmental disorder in fruit flies. Lutein is widely known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and is associated with neuroprotective effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of lutein carrier nanoparticles administration at different periods on the experimental model of neurodevelopment disorder in Drosophila melanogaster. Fly pairs were exposed to a 7-day imidacloprid diet for induction of the neurodevelopmental disorder model. Administration of the lutein carrier nanoparticles was performed in the preconceptional period or prenatal for 24 h. After the obtained offspring was subjected to behavioral and biochemical assessment. The results of that work are presented in the form of 1 scientific paper and 1 manuscript. Results found in article 1 show that treatment with lutein carrier nanoparticles was able to attenuate cell damage and reverse the increase of the cerebral oxidative of flies evidenced by markers (ROS, TBARS, SOD, CAT and Nrf2), as well as rescued Shank immunoreactivity and consequently reduced behavioral changes of hyperactivity, aggressiveness, social interaction, repetitive movements and anxiety in the progeny of flies of both sexes. Already the results foundin manuscript 1 reveal that supplementation with lutein carrier nanoparticles was able to prevent decreased activity of enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), as did neurotransmitters dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) in the head of flies, and as a consequence it prevented behavioral damages such as hyperactivity, anxiety, social interaction, repetitive movements, learning and memory in the progeny of both sexes. Based on our results we can conclude that the administration of lutein carrier nanoparticles exerted a neuroprotective effect on the damage observed on the progeny exposed to imidacloprid in the neurodevelopment disorder model. In addition to investigating the best intervention period to prevent the emergence of these disorders is of utmost importance in order to prevent future intercourse. Thus the lutein carrier nanoparticles arise as a possible therapeutic strategy that can contribute to prevent and/or soften the changes present in these disorders.