Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de cultivares de aveia branca na fronteira oeste

Abstract

White oat (Avena sativa) is of great importance as an alternative winter crop with a large cultivation area in Brazil, mainly in the South region. Over the years, other crops have been inserted into the system on the western border of Rio Grande do Sul. rainfed, where mainly irrigated rice prevailed. However, it is common for periods of water stress to occur in these areas, as is the case with water excess and deficit, subjecting the plant to prolonged periods of stress directly affecting its potential. One of the alternatives is the evaluation of genotypes already on the market in order to identify their response capacity according to the environmental conditions subjected. In this sense, estimating the adaptability and stability of cultivars appears to be an excellent method for verifying the interaction and providing accurate information about recommending genotypes. The objective of the work was to estimate the adaptability and stability of white grain oat cultivars in Itaqui - Western Border of Rio Grande do Sul. The cultivars used were: UPFA Gaudéria, UPFA Ouro, UPFPS Farroupilha, IPR Afrodite, FAEM 4 Carlasul, URS Taura, URS Corona and URS Brava evaluated in 13 environments. The methodologies used were those of Eberhart and Russel (1966), Cruz, Torres and Vencovsky (1989), Lin and Binns (1988) and GGE Biplot. According to the results of the analysis of variance, a significant interaction (p <0,05) between genotype and environments was verified. For the Eberhart and Russel methodology, it showed similarities in cultivar classification with the GGE method. In the classification using the Cruz, Torres and Vencovsky method, the cultivars classified were the same as those using the Eberhart and Russel method. The methodology that presented the greatest rigor in terms of classification was that of Lin and Binns. In general, in a joint analysis of the methodologies, it identified the cultivars that showed adaptability to favorable environments for UPFA Gaudéria, UPFA Ouro and IPR Afrodite, for adaptability in unfavorable environments the cultivars FAEM 04 Carlasul and URS Corona. For stability, only the cultivars UPFA Gaudéria, IPR Afrodite and URS Brava. Furthermore, only the UPFPS Farroupilha cultivar showed broad adaptability to the environments.