Adubação nitrogenada e a incidência de brusone na produção e rendimento na cultura do trigo em áreas de terras baixas

Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a cereal of great economic importance worldwide, used in human nutrition and animal feed. In wheat, grain yield and quality characteristics are strongly influenced by climatic conditions, management, cultivar and nutrition. Nitrogen fertilization is of great importance in influencing the development, growth and productivity of the plant. However, further studies are needed on its impact on growing conditions in lowland areas. Therefore, in this sense, the objective of this work was to evaluate nitrogen fertilization on the performance of the cultivars TBIO Motriz, TBIO Titam, TBIO Audaz and TBIO Caliber and the incidence of blast in the cultivars TBIO Motriz and TBIO Titan. Sowing for all cultivars was at a density of 300 viable seeds/m² in a completely randomized design (DIC) in a 4x5 factorial scheme, with four cultivars and five doses: (0; 60; 120; 180; 240 kg of N) divided into three installments: (33% in V3, 33% in DIF and 33% in EMB), totaling 80 installments. The variables evaluated were plant height at pre harvest (ALT), number of ears/m² (NE), weight of 10 ears (P10E), weight of a thousand grains (PMG), hectoliter weight (PH), productivity kg/ha (PD) and blast index (ID). For all Nitrogen doses evaluated, productivity responses were higher than the control response (zero dose); The cultivar TBIO Titan had a blast rate of 72.5% and TBIO Motriz had a rate of 48.8%.