Plano de fechamento e recuperação ambiental de área degradada pela extração de calcário em Caçapava do Sul-RS

Abstract

The activity of extracting minerals for the production of consumer goods, whether for agriculture, construction or other areas, is seen by the majority of society as something that goes against the environment, that won't bring any benefits, and from the moment mining activity begins in certain places, the region will be abandoned at the end of exploitation. However, even before a mining process begins, studies are carried out beforehand, during the operation and after the closure of the enterprise at the site used to extract the mineral. These studies are essential for obtaining environmental licenses, enterprise permits and other studies so that an activity of this size can continue to operate legally and in accordance with the requirements of the competent bodies. From this, the work aims to develop a plan to recover the degraded area and close the mine based on limestone extraction, whose activities have been suspended. The methodology used to carry out the work was based on collecting data from the enterprise, mainly field information, and then consulting the literature and current legislation with the aim of applying the steps so that the closure and recovery plan for the degraded area could be successful. The results showed the path to be followed so that the type of mine closure that was classified as premature could be carried out, due to the suspension of activities once the economic unfeasibility and the quality content of the ore available had been ascertained. In this way, the work demonstrates the importance of planning the closure of mines and the recovery of degraded areas, given the number of people involved in the process, not only during the useful life of the mine, but also in the future use of the region and the monitoring that will guarantee the safety of the society that will remain there and thus ensure a successful environmental recovery procedure.