Relações entre os pensamentos matemático e computacional: uma análise de propostas curriculares nacionais

Abstract

This work aims to analyze the relationships between computational and mathematical thinking presented in national curriculum proposals, such as those of the Mathematics National Common Curricular Base (BNCC/Mathematics) and the Innovation Center for Brazilian Education (CIEB). To this end, a theoretical foundation was sought in research that problematizes issues related to the development of mathematical and computational thoughts. The methodological choice was a qualitative research in the form of document analysis. Data analysis followed Content Analysis assumptions. The sources of data production were the BNCC document in the part that deals with the area/subject of Elementary School Mathematics and the CIEB curriculum. Data analysis allowed us to conclude that BNCC/Mathematics skills, directly related to the development of computational thinking (PC), emphasize the construction of algorithms and their representations in natural language and through flowcharts. On the other hand, the CIEB curriculum values the representation of algorithms in different programming languages, in particular, "Portugol" (structured Portuguese). In addition, it was found that there are skills regarding the construction of algorithms in BNCC/Mathematics in the following thematic units: Numbers, Algebra and Geometry, with emphasis on the latter. The skills of the Geometry thematic unit were not associated with skills of the PC axis in the CIEB curriculum, only the skills of the Algebra and Numbers thematic units were related, with emphasis on the latter. It was also found that relationships between computational and mathematical thinking, indicated by the BNCC/Mathematics and suggested by the CIEB curriculum, can be established if the construction of algorithms is placed at the center of mathematics classes, that is, emphasis on the process of solving a problem and not in its solution, mainly in activities that seek to develop skills of the thematic unit Algebra, due to the emphasis on abstraction, pattern identification and generalization, essential capabilities of the two thoughts.