Efeito de peptídeos bioativos, obtidos a partir de Tenebrio molitor, sobre crescimento, índices somáticos, composição corporal, parâmetros bioquímicos e atividade de enzimas digestivas de jundiás (Rhamdia quelen)

Abstract

Aquaculture, which aims to cultivate aquatic and semiaquatic organisms, stands out for the production of good quality protein in systes that enable a more sustainable cultivation, bringing food security. However, the intensification of production, combined with the lack of good management practices can generate stress to animals and thus facilitate the entry of diseases and parasites. The adoption of natural additives in fish diets is increasingly highlighted in the aquaculture scenario for promoting improvements in the health of farmed fish, thus reinforcing their resistance to pathogens. Among these new additives it is possible to mention the bioactive peptides, which are peptide bonds that promote improvement functions in animal performance and can be obtained from different sources. The objective of this work was to include bioactive peptides obtained by larvae of the insect Tenebrio Molitor (PBTM), at increasing levels of 0%PBTM, 0.5%PBTM and 1%PBTM in diets for juveniles of jundiá (Rhamdia quelen). The bioactive peptides were obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis and included in isoproteic and isoenergetic experimental diets. 336 juniper juveniles were maintained (initial average weight of 3.83 0.69g) in 12 experimental units in water recirculation system (RAS) in a completely randomized design with three treatments and four replications. The fish were fed the experimental diets until apparent satiety for 40 days. At the end of the test, biometrics, blood and body tissue collection were performed. There were no differences in final weight, total length, weight gain, condition factor, somatic index, somatic hepato and intestinal quotient between treatments. Regarding body composition, there was a difference in water and mineral matter values, higher concentrations in fish fed 0.5% PBTM and 1.0% PBTM, respectively. The activity of the enzymes trypsin and intestinal chymotrypsin were not affected, as well as the plasma parameters (glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, protein, albumin). It is concluded that the inclusion of bioactive peptides obtained from Tenebrio Molitor did not negatively affect the results, but more studies need to be performed to elucidate an ideal level of peptide inclusion.