Eficiência e aproveitamento energético em sistemas de irrigação de superfície por inundação e aspersão a pivô central

Abstract

Used as a way of supplying water to crops, irrigation is of great presence in the region of the Santa Maria River Basin. In order to seek a better use of energy and water in the region, it is important to use energy efficiency in irrigation systems, which commonly used are mechanized surface irrigation by means of flooding or center pivot sprinkler. With the aim of reducing losses, increasing yield, improving the operation of the systems, reducing consumption and even the costs of operating the systems, the present work deals with a study of energy efficiency in irrigation systems. Covering the components of the systems, mainly motors, pumps and water supply and discharge pipes, a bibliographical review and case study of the main factors involved were carried out, in order to point out the main losses, the interference with the efficiency of the constituent parts and the system as a whole. It was found that there are several interference factors in surface irrigation systems by flooding and sprinkler center pivot to be analyzed for an improvement of the global efficiency of the system. Keywords: energy efficiency; mechanical irrigation; pipes; motors; pumps.