A correlação entre pobreza e (des)acolhimento institucional de crianças e adolescentes no Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

This Course Completion Work aims to understand how poverty affects the process of institutional care and family and community reintegration of children and adolescents in Rio Grande do Sul - RS, in order to highlight the importance of implementing policies to combat poverty. To this end, bibliographical and documentary research was carried out, with a mixed approach, with the purpose of relating qualitative and quantitative indicators regarding the topic, through analysis using the dialectical-critical method. In the bibliographic section, attention was paid to theoretical aspects of the categories of institutional care, family and community reintegration and poverty, as well as the possible correlations between them. Quantitative data on these issues was also identified at national and state (RS) level, as well as the reasons for institutionalization, the profile of the people in care and the challenges faced in the process of family and community reintegration of children and adolescents. Based on the data collected, it became possible to highlight the impact of poverty - and therefore the existence of a correlation - in the process of institutionalization and de-institutionalization of children and adolescents, from the first foster care institutions, which were focused on charitable practices towards the poor, to the present day, where it is reflected in the lack of guarantee of fundamental rights for children, adolescents and their families. The quantitative indicators confirmed the urgent need for policies to combat poverty, due to the total number of children and adolescents who experience this phenomenon in its multiple dimensions, as well as the blaming of their families for the lack of basic resources to protect and care for them, as explained in the bibliographies, which debate the urgency and need to implement policies that guarantee the rights of individuals, especially in the context of families with children and adolescents in institutional care.