O Bioma Pampa: de negligenciado, esquecido e desconhecido a um tema contextualizador, contribuindo com estratégias de ensino

Abstract

The Pampa Biome is a unique ecosystem that covers southern Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. Despite its ecological relevance, this biome is still little studied and valued in the educational context. The research is qualitative in nature, as it aims to investigate the environmental perceptions of high school students, future science teachers, and high school teachers in the municipality of Uruguaiana/RS. Furthermore, it is exploratory by analyzing documents that guide education, such as the National Common Curricular Base and biology textbooks about the Pampa biome. Based on the environmental research of the researched subjects and the document analysis, an intervention was developed, applied in the format of an initial and continued education course for future and current high school teachers, using the Pampa biome as a theme through the Problematization Methodology based on the stages of the Arc of Maguerez. In order to obtain greater support, the intervention was evaluated by the participants with the main objective of verifying whether initial and continued teacher training using the Pampa biome as the main theme could be a contextualizing alternative for high school. The results indicated that high school students have fragmented knowledge of the Pampa biome, as demonstrated by the documentary analysis of the BNCC and the lack of equity of the Pampa biome in biology textbooks when compared to other Brazilian biomes. As for the teachers' perception, they recognize the importance of the Pampa Biome as a contextualizing theme in elementary education. However, they also pointed out some difficulties faced in the implementation of this theme in the classroom, such as the lack of technological resources and the overload of bureaucratic tasks. In addition, the study revealed that many of the participants have already carried out activities in natural areas of the Pampa Biome, such as parks and reserves. However, there is still a gap in the understanding of the ecological importance of this biome beyond the environmental balance. Based on the results obtained, the thesis reveals that it is necessary to invest in continued education activities for teachers about the Pampa Biome. Furthermore, it is important to promote discussions and reflections about this biome in order to broaden the understanding of its ecological and cultural importance. The study also highlighted the problematization methodology with the steps of Maguerez's Arc as an effective approach to teaching about the Pampa Biome. This methodology allows students to be protagonists in the learning process, identifying problems and proposing solutions to issues related to the biome, besides valuing the region (Pampa) in the educational context by highlighting the importance of the biome and proposing strategies for its inclusion in high school.