Captação de água da chuva como alternativa para minimizar o consumo de água residencial: estudo de caso no município de Caçapava do Sul - RS

Abstract

Water, a small word, but with an extremely important meaning. The lack of this resource would make the existence of life on planet Earth impossible, but with the population growth, the increasing demand, the lack of administration of its use, among other factors, can interfere with the availability of water for human consumption, and in the worst case scenario lead to the acceleration of water shortage. -One of the sustainable alternatives that can mitigate the use of water for certain activities is the use of rainwater. Therefore, aiming at the adoption of a more sustainable attitude and the care of the water resource, the goal of this work was to capture rainwater for activities that do not necessarily need drinking water as an alternative to minimize water consumption in a residence in the city of Caçapava do Sul - RS. The research for the implementation of rainwater harvesting involved a brief description of the area, climate of the region, average rainfall, temperatures, consumption of potable water, estimate of non-potable consumption considering the activities of the residence that can make use of rainwater. It was also determined the catchment area, dimensioning of gutters, conductors (horizontal and vertical) and storage reservoirs, calculations of the volume of usable rainwater, water filtration, savings in potable water, financial savings, and period of return on investment in the project. The result of the study indicated that the installation of the project in the chosen area could generate a potable water saving of 2.14 m³/month and 25.68 m³/year and a financial saving of R$ 16.05 per month and R$ 192.60 per year. The cost that was spent in the implementation of the system was R$ 459.10, and the payback period was 2 years and 5 months. The use of the project is considered viable because the pluviometry of the region is well distributed, the payback period is not long and the materials used for the construction of the system are of long duration, which will not suffer problems with corrosion.