Estruturação de uma base de dados para monitoramento ambiental a partir de sensoriamento remoto

Abstract

The use of satellite images for monitoring is one of the promising and representative methods in the agricultural environment, since the information that can be obtained from orbital images provides data that allow the analysis of temperature and vegetation indices, these techniques can help in the management and contribute to an increase in agricultural production. Among the information obtained by remote sensing data are the vegetation indices that allow observing the behavior of the vegetation and comparing it to other information that represents specific characteristics of the study area, thus being able to make decisions to improve management according to its behavior. Agriculture, for example, is an extremely important sector in the country's economic and social scenario. Faced with the current demand for care in management, the present work aims to create a database structure through SR using orbital images from the satellite Landsat 8 and 9 to assist rural producers in the municipalities of Itaqui and Maçambara in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. South. After applying the methodology used in this study, it was possible to obtain 17 thematic maps with NDVI calculations and 17 maps with surface temperature calculations in degrees Celsius for the study area. In the NDVI image set, the data were classified according to the amount of plant biomass existing in the study area. To improve visualization of differences, the results obtained through processing were reclassified into 6 classes. With these classifications, it is possible to carry out a more accurate assessment of the environmental conditions and the changes that have occurred over time in the monitored areas.