Educação, autocuidado e saúde: temáticas para um ensino de ciências que promova consequências positivas na educação básica

Abstract

The school, with its educational spaces, plays a prominent role in integral human development. It is education, in its most varied dimensions, that enables the growth and development of subjects throughout school life and it is in this very fruitful space that learning takes place through experiences, experiences and interactions among young people. In view of this, this work shows the result of a qualitative and quantitative research with an action-research methodology, which aimed to develop educational activities related to health with Basic Education students of the Public Education Network, in order to to guide and prevent health risk behaviors. The activities contained in a pedagogical booklet were applied and developed with students from a State School located in the Rural Area of the municipality of Caçapava do Sul-RS. The theoretical basis of this research work departed from a historical chronology related to health in the educational environment, later making use of Lev Vygotsky's Socio Historical theory to understand social interactions and their implications for individuals' learning. And finally, a literature review on the subject was carried out. Data were produced from Initial and Final Likert-type questionnaires, discursive questions, audio recording, logbook entries and reports. The interventions took place during the second half of 2022, in which activities were carried out on health and quality of life at school, in particular the sexual education theme through activities contained in a pedagogical fascicle entitled “Sexuality and Health”. After applying the proposed activities, the data were analyzed and categorized a priori, as presented in the body of this work. As an educational product, two pedagogical fascicles related to the themes were produced: emotional illnesses and sex education. One of them was implemented in Basic Education and the other will serve as subsidies for teachers in the network to implement in their school contexts. The data obtained with this research work, brought the importance of addressing with Basic Education students issues related to health, risk behaviors and quality of life, thus showing that the school is an adequate and promising environment to deal with issues related to this theme and that the teacher is of fundamental importance to mediate knowledge, as well as to propose activities that promote awareness and meaningful construction of knowledge alluding to a healthy and quality lifestyle.