As Relações Polônia-Rússia a partir do ingresso polonês na União Europeia (2004-2020)

Abstract

With the aim of identifying under which contexts the relations between Poland and Russia take place since the entry of the Central European country in the European Union, in the period between 2004 and 2020, the present work seeks to elucidate the question about what would have been the internal factors and external factors that shaped the dialogue between Poland and Russia in the first twenty years of the 21st century. Thus, under the assumption that joining the European bloc has led Poland to assume a posture of cooperation with the former socialist republics to the East and that, since the 2015 elections, anti-Russian sentiment on the part of Poles has surfaced It uses the qualitative approach of the hypothetical-deductive method, as well as the historical and comparative method, in order to elucidate the historical impacts on the relations between both States, through bibliographical and documentary analysis of direct and indirect sources. The theoretical framework of Putnam's Two Level Game Theory (2010) is applied in order to understand how the domestic and international spheres influence each other in this relationship. That said, the research is guided by three main objectives: (1) Understanding the history of relations between Poland and Russia throughout the 20th century, (2) identifying what were the turning points of Polish foreign policy towards Russia with the entry of the country in the European Union and (3) observe if there were and, if so, what were the impacts arising from the election of Andrzej Duda in 2015 on relations between Poland and Russia. The work is organized, therefore, in three chapters, approaching the history of Poland, as well as its relationship with the European Union and Russia, under the aegis of joining the European bloc, culminating in the verification of the hypothesis that the orientation to the East by Polish foreign policy within the European Union, as well as the rise of Andrzej Duda influenced relations between Poland and Russia since Polish entry into the Organization.