Avaliação da síndrome metabólica e risco cardiovascular em pacientes portadores da hepatite C no município de Uruguaiana/RS

Abstract

Hepatitis C is a highly prevalent infectious disease worldwide. In the chronic phase, extrahepatic manifestations may occur, such as metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Currently, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death from chronic noncommunicable diseases. Together, these clinical conditions have a major impact on public health and the Brazilian economy. In order to preserve the economy and improve the quality of life of patients, this study aimed to assess the cardiovascular risk (CVR) and metabolic syndrome (MS), of patients with hepatitis C. Also, verify whether treatment with Direct Action Antivirals (AAD) is able to predict the improvement of MS parameters and whether some variables influence RCV. This is a retrospective cohort of patients with hepatitis C, from the municipality of Uruguaiana. Data collection included sociodemographic, anthropometric, blood pressure and biochemical variables from the patients' medical records. The prevalence of MS was assessed using the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation and the RCV was calculated using the Framingham Risk Score (ERF). The statistical analysis involved the Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, Student's t test, Pearson's chi-square test, binary logistic regression, Pearson or Spearman correlation, according to the distribution and multiple linear regression. The sociodemographic characteristics allowed to draw a profile of the patients. The prevalence of MS and CVR was prevalent in more than half of patients with hepatitis C. Therapeutic regimens with AAD were able to influence hypertriglyceridemia, but were not significant in other parameters of MS. The diagnosis of diabetes and use of antihypertensive drugs was associated with CVR. With the exception of the time of diagnosis, all other variables were correlated with CVR. The model created to predict the ERF was able to predict the RCV by 62%. Our results demonstrate the importance of early knowledge of population groups at high risk of developing metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The development of prevention and planning actions can bring well-being to the population and reduce expenses to the public health system.