Política externa Chile, Argentina e Brasil (2006-2014): os caminhos para a integração sul-americana

Abstract

Being foreign policy how the state will relate to other states, this study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of foreign policy between Chile, Argentina and Brazil during the first term of Michelle Bachelet's government (2006-2010), Cristina Kirchner (2007-2011) and Dilma Rousseff (2010-2014). For this purpose, three specific objectives were identified: 1) to identify, through theoretical support, the importance of foreign policy studies for international relations as well as regional integration; 2) identify the common points found based on the general analysis of the foreign policy of the governments regarding South American integration; 3) verify the position of countries in organizations such as MERCOSUR and UNASUR. Thus, the work has as a research problem: when analyzing the measures adopted by Michelle Bachelet, Cristina Kirchner and Dilma Rousseff in their first terms, what are the common characteristics in their foreign policies regarding South American integration? These governments acted with a conjuncture of crisis of neoliberalism, with that new subjects appeared in the agenda of the foreign policy being the integration one of them. To develop it, the method used was the hypothetical deductive, and a comparative study was carried out on the external policies to be analyzed. Initially a historical retrospective is elaborated for the understanding of the scenario of the countries in the predecessor period to the governments with a bibliographical revision, using primary and secondary sources. The need for regional integration was initially proposed by the Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA), which proposed regional integration as the end of dependence on Latin America, been intensifying with the rise of progressive governments in power. Regional integration was seen by such governments as an incentive to ease the difficulties faced by countries in their insertion into the international system.