Identificação da zona de transição paisagística na região do comitê de gerenciamento das bacias hidrográficas dos rios Butuí-Icamaquã, oeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Abstract

The brazilian State of Rio Grande do Sul has two large biomes: Pampa and Mata Atlântica. The Pampa Biome is characterized by being composed of fields and Mata Atlântica Biome is characterized by being composed of ombrophilous and seasonal forest formations. They have associated ecosystems. Among these biomes there are extensive transitional areas called ecotones. Cartography and remote sensing have a set of techniques and tools that make it possible to analyze, organize, treat and represent data on environmental issues, such as the transition area between two biomes. This study aims to delimit the area of the ecotone Mata Atlântica-Pampa, through the use of cartography and remote sensing, in the Management Committee of the Watersheds Basins of the Butuí-Icamaquã Rivers, located in the west of Rio Grande do Sul. All manipulation of vector and matrix data, as well as their graphic representations, were made using the free code software QGis version 3.4.10 Madeira. Variables such as vegetation, land use and coverage, rural property areas, altimetry, declivity and climates were analyzed. With that, it was possible to generate a set of maps showing the behavior of these variables in the studied region and the proposal of delimitation of the ecotone present in it.