Mapeamento do avanço dos processos de desmatamento na região da Floresta Nacional de Carajás, Pará, Brasil

Abstract

Remote sensing has become of extreme importance for the monitoring of the ecosystem in order to preserve the environment. Monitoring is executed out by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Adjusted Vegetation Index for Soil (SAVI), which are the most used tools for such monitoring. The study was carried out in the satellite image analysis of Landsat5, Landsat7 and Landsat8 at Carajás National Forest region, located in the southwest of Pará, Brazil. An area of about 400 thousand hectares and has an extensive biodiversity, besides to great mineral wealth. The objective of this project was to identify the processes of advancement of deforestation inside and around the Carajás National Forest, through the analysis of remote sensing products and the comparison between the two vegetation index, in order to conclude which one produces better results .The most used index in studies of this kind is NDVI, which has a range of -1 to 1, varying with the density of vegetation. Its improvement culminates in SAVI, which in its equation is added a constant L. It was necessary to elaborate different classes for vegetation indexes and for each image, in order to adjust the best possible to obtain more adequate results. However, there have been some inaccuracies that need to be adjusted in future studies.