Resposta da indução mutagênica com azida sódica em aveia preta

Abstract

Black oats (Avena strigosa Schreb) are one of the main alternatives during the winter season, mainly in the southern region of Brazil. The area under cultivation grows as a consequence of the increasing adoption of direct seeding, crop rotation and pasture systems. The genetic basis of the crop is narrow, to expand genetic variability an alternative is the use of mutagenic agents, in order to select genotypes with superior agronomic characteristics. The present work had the objective to evaluate the gene induction of mutagenic effects of sodium azide (AS) at different doses and periods in the germination phases of black oats. The work was developed in the laboratory of Food and Seed Analysis of the Agronomy course of the Federal University of Pampa. The cultivar Agro Esteio was used. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme (5x6), with five doses (0,0, 1,0, 1,5 and 2,0 mM AS) and six moments (0, 5, 9, 22 ; 35; and 39 hours) of application, with two replicates. The seeds were previously soaked in distilled water, and then treated with AS for two hours, then washed and distributed in germiteste paper. They were conditioned in a growth chamber (germinator) at 20° C and a controlled photoperiod of 12 hours. The characteristics of germination, shoot length and root length were evaluated. It was possible to evaluate the effect of Sodium Azide as mutagenic agent in black oats at different doses and times of application. The use of the mutant caused reduction in root length. The 0.5 mM dose of AS is suitable for creating genetic variability in the culture. The AS had an effect on black oats when treated in 5 hours at a dose of 1.5 mM showing promising induction of mutation, since it maximized germination, increased shoot length and reduced root length.