Azospirillum brasilense no crescimento inicial de plantas de trigo e azevém

Abstract

In Brazil, the wheat can be produced in any region of the country, but about 90% of it's production is located in southern region of the country. The production estimate for Brazil in 2012 is 5.1 million tons on the other hand, the consumption is about 10 million tons. The ryegrass is a winter forage widely used to make-up the lack of food for cattle. This forage uses lagerly the state, it's wide-used because of it's great capacity of adaptation considering the climate and high productive potential. Ryegrass has great importance as a forage, because it can provide great amounts of protein in the winter for cattle. In technological terms is a constant research for greater production of both cereals, like wheat and ryegrass in RS. Thus, one way to influence the development of these plants would applying bacterial inoculants for higher nitrogen assimilation. According to the exposed, the objective of this study was to evaluate the interference of the formulated with Azospirillum brasilense in the early development of wheat and ryegrass. Two experiments were conducted in a protected environment, the first was organized in gerbox and the second in pots. The seeds that were cultivated was wheat cultiva Quartzo and common ryegrass, sold in São Borja-RS. Two treatments were used, with seeds treated with the inoculant AZOTOTAL which is formulated based in the A. Brasilense bacterium, with approximately 2.0 x 10^8 viable cells per mL and seed without the inoculant. The variables evaluated were: length of shoots, number of tillers, root length, fresh weight and dry weight of plants. For wheat, treatment with A. brasilense resulted in higher shoot length and number of tillers developed in gerbox. In the rest of variables there were no significant differences between gerbox and vases, this considering the wheat development. In the ryegrass, the treatment with the inoculant based on A. brasilense presented significantly higher shoot length in the gerbox, and root length in pots. In the rest of variables there were no significant differences in the development of ryegrass plants. Therefore, treatment with a base inoculant Azospirillum brasilense can be recommended for wheat and ryegrass, it provides better initial growth of plants, both as aerial roots. However, there is need for experiments with wheat and ryegrass are developed in the field.