Influência da umidade de colheita do arroz na qualidade industrial dos grãos conforme a variedade

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.), after reaching physiological maturity, which occurs around 28-30% moisture remains in the field waiting for the reduction of moisture to be harvested. Although general recommendations indicate the producer to harvest with a humidity between 20-22%, the delayed harvest presents itself as one of the biggest problems faced by rice farmers often done when the grains have humidities below 18%. The sample taken in inadequate moisture can harm the quality and cause a reduction in shelf life and product yield. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of different rice cultivars (IRGA 417, IRGA 409 and BR-CL puíta INTA) at different humidities of receipt for drying in a rice processing industry Itaqui, RS, aimed at determining whole grain yield and percentage of chalky grains in the sample. The samples were collected and analyzed from nine different growing areas. We evaluated 285 samples of IRGA 417, with harvest moisture between 14.3 and 24.2%, 278 samples of BR-IRGA 409 with harvest moisture between 13.9 and 24.5% and 272 samples of cultivar puíta INTA CL. with harvest moisture between 13.8 and 24%. The results obtained among the varieties denote that they possess different behavior when harvested at different humidities, however, varieties compared between themselves but with significant differences in cultural practices and yields denote curves similar whole grain yield. Obtained as results of analyzes, a higher production of whole grain varieties IRGA 417 when received in company with humidity between 18 and 20%, since the variety BR IRGA 409 showed better results in the range of 18-22% and the variety puíta INTA CL showed the highest income bracket between 17 and 22% humidity. Regarding the percentage of chalky grains, the results were very similar among cultivars, there was a decrease of chalky grains concomitantly with decreasing humidity, generally ranging from 3.30% with humidity close to 24% and a minimum of 0.20% Chalky grains of moisture or less than 16%.