Influência de diferentes substratos e lâminas de irrigação no cultivo da espécie Dianthuschinensis L

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of different substrates and irrigation depths on the cultivation of the species DianthusChinesisL. in a protected environment. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, located in the experimental area of the Agricultural Engineering course at the Federal University of Pampa-Campus Alegrete/RS. The design used was the bifactorial (4X4), completely randomized, with four replications each treatment, totaling 64 experimental units. The substrates used were: C1 - 40% soil + 40% humus + 20% mate; C2 - 50% soil + 40% humus + 10% coffee grounds; C3 - 40% soil + 30% humus + 20% yerba mate + 10% coffee grounds and C4 - 100% substrate. commercial. The irrigation depths applied in each treatment correspond to 30%; 50%; 70% and 90% of the vessel capacity (CV). Seeding was carried out in a Styrofoam tray with its cavities filled with commercial substrate (Mecplant®), where they will remain until reaching the appropriate stage for transplantation, later being relocated to plastics. The irrigation depths were defined based on the vessel capacity. The analyzed development indices were performed weekly, through the following measurements: plant height (cm), stem diameter (cm), number of nodes and number of leaves. For the parameters plant height and number of leaves, the interaction was significant at the 5% error level. However, for stem diameter and number of nodes there was no significant difference. At the end of the cycle, the largest in the C3 substrate, which is composed of the following components: soil, humus, yerba mate and coffee grounds, and the irrigation depth corresponds to 50% of CV, the value obtained was 2.64 mm.day - ¹.The lowest consumption was 0.868 mm.dayˉ¹ this result was evaluated in the treatment that is entirely composed of commercial substrate and the blade is 90% of VC. The most expressive value was observed in the L4 lamina, where the height was approximately 29 (cm), this lamina stops at 90% of the CV and the lowest value obtained was 6.9 (cm) in the C2T3 substrate, which corresponds to 70% of the cv and composed of 50% soil + 40% humus + 10% coffee grounds.For the variable number of leaves that reached very significant values in its full development, in treatment C1 it reached the number of 104.9 leaves on the sheet 50% of CV and the lowest value observed was substrate C2 24.2 leaves in the treatment referring to 90% of CV. It can be noted that the blade 90% of CV provided a decline to all treatments, so it is possible to state that larger amounts of water allow a loss in the amount of leaves. The culture of DianthuschinensisL., when subjected to conditions of lack and excess water, is more sensitive.