Filme biopolimérico multicamada à base de quitosana incorporado com compostos bioativos da casca de jabuticaba (Plinia cauliflora)

Abstract

In order to meet the demand for packaging for the food industry, tons of synthetic polymers are produced annually. Despite their many advantages, most of these polymers are resistant to biodegradation, causing serious environmental problems with their disposal. In view of this, the so-called biodegradable packaging based on biopolymers and natural extracts rich in bioactive compounds, presents itself as an important alternative. One of the fruits with a high content of natural bioactives is a jaboticaba, originating from the Center-South region of Brazil, its peel is considered an excellent source of anthocyanins and with antioxidant activity. Therefore, this work aimed to develop a multilayer biopolymeric film based on chitosan, incorporated with bioactive compounds from jaboticaba peel, to develop an environmentally friendly packaging that has the function of containing, protecting and prolonging the shelf life of foods. The jaboticaba peels extracts were obtained through the ultrasound extraction technique under conditions of 1 min and 88 ° C, and showed 89.83±0.05% of antioxidant activity, 159.43±3.71 mg GAE.g-1 for total phenolic compounds and 2235.37±34.21 mg.100g-1 (d.b.) for total anthocyanin. These extracts were incorporated into a filmogenic solution containing chitosan for the development of multilayer films by the casting method. Experimental data were formed by the Statistica software, applying the Student t test to determine differences at the 95% significance level. In the characterization of the films received, a variation of 63.5% in the film color was observed, in addition to an increase in thickness after the addition of the extract, in relation to the control film. From the mechanical analysis it was observed that the addition of the extract decreased the tensile strength and increased the elongation percentage. From the values obtained, it was also observed that the addition of the extract did not interfere with the film solubility, however, it was able to reduce the film swelling index by approximately 20%.