Uso de imagem, áudios e vídeos em MOOCs : o “Guia Universalizar“ como uma proposta de acessibilidade Web

Abstract

This dissertation addresses a study related to the inclusion of people with visual or hearing impairment in online courses, free and offered massively on the internet, called Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC). The main objective is the creation of a Guide, entitled Universalize, with accessibility recommendations based on the standardization proposed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), on the guidelines of the Federal Government's Electronic Accessibility Model (eMAG), on Brazilian legislation and on Standards Techniques, thus enabling the inclusion of accessibility in the teaching-learning process. To achieve this goal, the research was methodologically based on a case study approach, analyzing qualitative data, which were collected from Federal Institutions of Higher Education (Universities and Institutes) through the Access to Information Law, of observational analyzes of the researcher and evaluation survey of the Guide with professionals related to the subject through a Google Forms form. The implementation of the research initially consisted of identifying with educational institutions about the offer of MOOCs and accessibility requirements for blind, low vision, deaf or deaf people. Subsequently, registration was carried out on these platforms indicated by the institutions and enrollment in at least one course offered, in order to identify the resources available to promote the inclusion of people with disabilities. After this action, a Rubric was developed for the researcher to evaluate some professional software for video editing, which can help in the inclusion of accessibility features. Finally, the Universalizar Guide was prepared and evaluated, anonymously, by teachers, professionals in the area of accessibility and video editing. In addition, a website was developed in order to expand the dissemination of the Guide and the theme of accessibility and add additional information. As a result, it is worth noting that of the 41 federal institutes consulted, 16 offer MOOCs and of the 63 universities, only 15 provide online courses for society, totaling 31 platforms. Of these, 21 offer subtitles on videos, 9 offer Libras and only 6 offer audio description. In the observational analysis, it was possible to verify that these subtitles offered are mostly through the automatic subtitling feature of the Youtube player and the Libras feature was listed considering the VLibras suite. Subsequently, an evaluation of video editing software was carried out through a previously established Rubric, and DaVinci Resolve was chosen for use in the Guide. Based on these data, it was possible to develop the Universalize Guide and a website for its dissemination, considering 14 recommendations for the inclusion of accessibility in these courses, which can be implemented by the teachers themselves during the preparation of the course or with the support of professionals in the fields. specific, such as audio describers, Libras interpreters or videographers. Finally, an evaluation of the Universalizar Guide was carried out, through a questionnaire sent to these professionals, in order to measure the importance of applying the proposed resources and the quality of the Guide.