Distúrbios gastrointestinais não-infecciosos de equinos e gástricos de bovinos da mesorregião sudoeste Rio-Grandense

Abstract

Gastrointestinal diseases frequently affecting bovines and equines and cause direct impact on the economy, demonstrating the need to modernize veterinary medicine with concepts of population medicine based in epidemiology that allows the establishment of preventive strategies and control of diseases. This work through a retrospective study, aimed determine the main non-infectious gastrointestinal diseases of equines and gastric diseases of bovines in the southwest mesoregion of Rio Grande do Sul, attended at the Hospital Universitario Veterinário (HUVet) of UNIPAMPA, either in the Clínica e Cirurgia de Grandes Animais sector (CCGA), either in the Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV). Were reviewed records of bovines and equines treated at CCGA since its opening in August 2011 until December 2015 and at LPV since September 2010 until December 2015, and who were diagnosed with non-infectious gastrointestinal diseases. Regarding equines were 228 patients from the CCGA and LPV, predominantly Criolo race, with casuistry of non-infectious gastrointestinal disorders of 10.9% and 15.6% respectively, where the predominant impaction cases in the CCGA and enterolitiasis in the LPV, and that there was still a significant frequency enterolitiasis. The most animals treated at CCGA received clinical treatment (83.3%), while 16.7% patients required surgical treatment, and 22.2% CCGA patients died, the average time to disease progression since the onset clinical signs until arrival to HUVet was 55 hours. For bovine, the dates of 208 necropsied bovines in LPV were analyzed showed 23 gastric diseases, divided into 61% rumen disorders, 17% abomasum, 13% simultaneous involvement in two chambers and 9% reticulum. The bloat foamy by excessive intake of Trifolium repens was the main cause of cattle death, also shows the importance of lactic acidosis and ruminal alkalosis poisoning by urea and poisoning Baccharis coridifolia, this study showed that toxic plants together to toxinfections represented 22.8% of cases with a conclusive diagnosis. Gastrointestinal non infectious diseases of equines and gastric diseases of bovines have great importance in the region and are closely related to feeding management in equines and environmental factors resulting from bovines breeding system, predominantly VIII extensive, adopted in the region, which shows the role the Veterinarian, the creator and treater in the prevention of these diseases, minimizing risks through correct management and still seek animals welfare, as well as contributing enough forwarding sick animals to a referral center as soon as possible, thus improving the prognosis.