Concepções de professores de ciências do ensino fundamental sobre trabalhar o tema sexualidade em sala de aula

Abstract

The school has a very important role in the formation of the individual, enabling the growth and development of the student throughout their school life. The classroom within this space becomes an essential place for exchanging experiences and doubts among young people. However, some themes are taboos within the school environment, impairing the full construction of a critical-reflective adult acting in society. One of the most difficult subjects to work on at school is sexuality, and it has been under intense discussion since the 1980s, due to the risk of contamination with the HIV virus, and the functions of unwanted pregnancies of the individual. In this sense, this dissertation aimed to know the conceptions of science teachers of the 8th grade of public elementary school in a northwestern municipality of Rio Grande do Sul, as well as to investigate the work on the theme of sexuality in classroom. This research had a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive approach. The study subjects were all teachers of the public school system of the municipality. To participate in the research, it was necessary for the teacher to be working in the 8th grade of elementary school, being excluded the teacher who did not accept participation or was not available during the data collection period. Data was collected through a recorded semi-structured interview transcribed in full and analyzed using frequency and Bardin content analysis. It should be noted that the ethical aspects and privacy of the interviewees were taken into consideration, ensuring the confidentiality of information and anonymity of the subjects. As main results, it is noteworthy that the NCPs propose to work on the sexuality theme since the early years while the BNCC proposes it only in the 8th grade, that most Science teachers working in the 8th grade have a degree in Biological Sciences, that the facilities with the Sexuality issues are related to students' interest, and difficulties in working on gender issues and lack of dialogue between parents and children, and suggestions are related to instructional methods / resources and continuing education on sexuality issues. In this sense, from this dissertation, it is intended to organize a professional teacher education, focusing on adolescence and its characteristics, methodologies and materials as a proposal to overcome the obstacles pointed out by teachers.