Efeitos do óleo de linhaça e da lignana Secoisolariciresinol diglicosídeo (SDG) em um modelo de síndrome metabólica em ratos Wistar

Abstract

Evidence has shown a positive role for flaxseed in the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome (MS) and the associated complications. However, there is no consensus on the component responsible for such effects. To clarify this issue, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of flaxseed oil and flaxseed lignan secoisolariciresinol diglycoside (SDG) in a metabolic syndrome model in Wistar rats. Forty-eight Wistar rats were allocated into six groups (n = 8): Groups I (control), V (FO) and VI (SDG) received water ad libitum, and groups II (MS), III (MS + FO) and IV (MS + SDG) received 30% fructose in drinking water for MS induction. Concomitantly, the animals received saline (groups I and II), flaxseed oil (groups III and V) and SDG (groups IV and VI) orally. After 30 days, the animals were sacrificed, and blood, liver and kidneys were collected for biochemical, oxidative, inflammatory and histopathological analyzes. Body weight was recorded weekly. Systolic blood pressure was measured before and after treatment. Flaxseed oil analysis was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, which indicated the predominant presence of fatty acids, steroids and tocopherols. Fructose solution induced MS, besides promoting oxidative, inflammatory and renal changes. Flaxeed oil and SDG prevented the MS development as well as oxidative, inflammatory and renal changes. Thus, the results of this study demonstrated that treatment with 30% fructose solution for 30 days is an effective model for MS induction in Wistar rats. In addition, supplementation with flaxseed oil and SDG prevented similarly the pressure, oxidative, biochemical and inflammatory changes observed in this disorder, which demonstrated that both can be used to prevent the MS development and its complications in rats.