Desenvolvimento de uma sequência didática para o ensino de biologia celular e seus aspectos químicos segundo os princípios da teoria da flexibilidade cognitiva

Abstract

This work describes a proposal for the development of didactical sequence (SD) for the teaching of cellular biology elements and their chemical aspects mediated by information and communication technologies (ICT), following the principles of cognitive flexibility theory (TFC). The cell is considered a functional unit as it fulfills vital functions, such as breathing and energy production. The chemistry of the cell is studied by biochemistry, a branch of biology that studies the structures, organization, and molecular transformations that occur at the molecular level in the cell. The connection between these two branches of science occurs in several areas of biology. In high school, the chemical aspects of cellular biology are not commonly addressed, and this is what this work proposes. For that, a series of classes (SD) and digital didactic materials were developed to support SD. The didactic material includes a website (http: /celula2017.weebly.com), a channel on youtube, hypertexts, infographics and questions called "science puzzles". The target audience is composed of students from the second semester of agriculture of a technical school in the city of Bagé. To verify the efficiency of the developed methodology, quantitative and qualitative analyzes were performed using multiple choice closed questionnaires, applied before and after the SD. The learning gain method of Hake was used to analyze the improvement in student learning, obtaining a normalized gain of 30.80%, a result that indicates that the teaching activities are characterized by a good interactive engagement. Qualitatively, the answers to the enigmas of science, answered by a small portion of the students, provide indications that it is possible to teach in a flexible way, since it was observed in one of the excerpts that the student was able to relate different aspects of cellular biology and chemistry to problems in contexts daily.