Perdas quantitativas e tamanho de amostra na colheita mecanizada de soja, em função da velocidade de deslocamento e índice de molinete

Abstract

Failure to monitor grain harvest losses, coupled with the lack of adequate methodologies and practices to estimate them, contribute to increasing loss levels. In this sense, the main objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of speed and windlass index on grain losses during the mechanized harvesting of soybean, and to verify the effect of sample size for the determination of quantitative grain losses. The experiment was carried out at Granja Bock, located in the city of Alegrete / RS, during the period that comprised the 2017/2018 harvest. The treatments were composed of a combination of two spinneret indexes (1.0 and 1.2), four displacement speeds (3, 5, 7 and 9 km h-1) and five sample sizes (0.5, 1, 0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 m²). Data were submitted to ANOVA and mean separation tests. From the obtained results, it was possible to verify significant differences between the means and some interactions. It was concluded that grain losses increased with harvest speeds. The IM of 1.0 had a grain loss smaller than the MI of 1.2. The sample sizes had an effect of the displacement velocity and the sizes of 0.5 and 1.0 m² estimated the losses for less, in relation to the sample sizes of 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 m².