Estudo de caso: análise dos custos de produção em uma propriedade leiteira no município de Dom Pedrito - RS

Abstract

Milk production is currently one of the main activities of Brazilian agribusiness. The state of Rio Grande do Sul is one of the states that produces the most milk in the country. As the properties that produce milk in our country, in general, have low productivity rates, the case studies appear as an important tool to rationalize and optimize regional production. The objective of this work was to analyze the productive and economic indexes of a dairy farm in the municipality of Dom Pedrito, RS, during the year 2015, in order to assist / guide the rural producers' decision making in relation to the main production costs. The property analyzed in this study has 38 ha, with a mean number of animals comprising the herd of 64 heads, of which 19 cows, on average, are lactating. The influence of the structure of the herd on productivity and the influence of revenues, costs and expenses on property profitability during the year 2015 was observed. The activity studied generated total income of R$ 65.507,58 and total expenses of R$ 55.059,12 for the rural producer. The profit generated by milk cattle in the property under study was 15.95%. Considering the low profitability of the milk activity, it is suggested that the producer adopts practices of replacing cows with low productivity and advanced age, by heifers capable of producing milk. It is also recommended that the farmer plan more carefully his activity expenses and the increase of the herd, thus generating the highest productivity possible.