Efeito do cushion fluid® na seleção de espermatozoides bovinos destinados a fecundação in vitro

Abstract

The technique of sperm selection for in vitro fertilization (IVF) should provide addition, the sperm efficient recovery, the maintenance of cellular integrity. Several methods have been proposed for bovine sperm selection for IVF, and the discontinuous density gradients Percoll® ( Sigma Aldrich – St. Louis MO, USA) centrifugation method on the most used. In cattle this selection technique has been extensively modified with respect to the volume, number of gradients, time, and centrifugal force, to increase the sperm recovery, providing a better yield of the dose. However, the centrifugation step present in these protocols, may cause irreversible damage to sperm and thus influence fertilization rate. The present study aimed to determine the influence of centrifugation force and time, as well as the association of the Cushion Fluid® centrifugation on sperm selection by gradients Mini Percoll® modified by evaluating morphological and functional characteristics, ROS formation, antioxidant defenses, rate of in vitro fertilization and embryo development. Three experiments carry out. In experiment I, a pool containing two semen Bos taurus taurus bulls was subjected Mini Percoll® separation method, samples being divided into four groups, with two centrifugal forces (2200 or 9000 X g) and two times (1 and 3 min). In experiment II and III, the pool has been processed by the Mini Percoll® modified method, being added to an amount of 150μLix of Cushion Fluid® (Minitübe, Tiefenbach, Germany) in the second centrifugation in the treated group. Morphofunctional and biochemical evaluation of semen samples for IVF, as well as the fertilizing capacity and embryo development of oocytes fertilized with sperms were selected performed. In the first experiment an improvement was observed in the vigor of sperm after gradient Mini Percoll® for all treatments. In the second experiment, the recovery rate sperm did not differ between treatments (T1: 42.0 ± 4.9 and T2 (with adding Cushion Fluid® the second centrifugation): 38.6 ± 3.6). In sperm morphology T2 (5.1 ± 1.1) showed a lower sperm rate with major defects than T0 (Pre-Percoll) and T1 (8.8 ± 0.8 and 5.8 ± 1.0 treatments ). In this same experiment, ROS levels were presented increased (P <0.05) in the medium with Cushion Fluid® (T2), however, the evaluation of antioxidant defenses did not differ between treatments. In experiment III, no differences in fertilization rate were observed. This study demonstrated that the use of a smaller force and time (2200 X g / 1 min.) to centrifugation can be used without interfering with the sperm recovery rate. The use of the medium Cushion Fluid® during centrifugation of bovine sperm did not influence the fertilization rate and embryo development to 48 hours.