Proposta de um Modelo de Otimização para o Apoio ao Projeto de Sistemas de Irrigação em Lavouras de Arroz

Abstract

Rice cultivation is considered a key part of Brazilian agribusiness, contributing to the trade balance with exports growing. The Rio Grande do Sul, which employs the irrigated cultivation system, enter this frame as the largest domestic producer. The rice cultivation method makes use of flood irrigation, in which water is applied to the soil surface to form a sheet of water, which is maintained throughout plant development. For water to remain in the field, it is necessary to build an irrigation system, this which has among its main components: shell, uprisings, frames and irrigation canals. This paper proposes an optimization model, which aims to support the design of a system of flood irrigation in rice fields, trying to find among the set values of the main variables involved in the problem, that maximize system efficiency, considering the differential surveying the area where it is introduced. The development consists of selecting a mathematical model that considers the hydrological aspects involved in flood irrigation and the development of a software optimization based on Genetic Algorithms. A sensitivity analysis of the experiments showed that the behavior of the algorithm is satisfactory, since the results obtained were mostly coincide with the expected of a system for real flood irrigation.