O planejamento das ações do programa saúde na escola considera a realidade local no qual a co-munidade está inserida?

Abstract

The School Health Program (PSE) is an intersectoral public policy, developed by the Ministries of Health and Education, focusing on the comprehensive training of students, through health promotion, disease prevention and health care actions. Thus, the objective was to investigate whether the plan-ning of actions proposed by the PSE considers local health problems, based on the perception of the actors involved with the program, in the municipality of Uruguaiana-RS. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and qualitative study, which included members of the management group, nurses and teachers working in the program, in the municipality of Uruguaiana-RS. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews, which were recorded for later transcription and analysis. The questions focused on analyzing whether the actors were aware of local health issues, whether the planning of actions proposed by the PSE took such issues into consideration, strategies for the pro-gram's effectiveness, as well as its positive and negative aspects. To analyze perceptions, Bardin's content analysis was used. As a result, among the local problems found in their reality, both teachers and nurses highlighted mental health problems in their reality. It is worth noting that all nurses and members of the management group, as well as the majority of teachers, reported that the actions proposed by the PSE took local health problems into account. However, they highlighted some barri-ers regarding these issues, such as, for example, the way in which some topics are approached, which can compromise the effectiveness of the action, the difficulty for the PSE to address all of the community's health issues, due to the complexity of the local reality, as well as the lack of communi-cation and dissemination of actions between the ESF and the school. As strategies for the program to be more effective, the need to foster support networks for this work (school, university, health pro-fessionals) were those most reported by participants. Regarding the positive aspects of the program, members of the management group highlighted the integration and commitment of education and health professionals in carrying out PSE actions. Regarding barriers, the lack of communication and intersectoral articulation among education and health professionals were the most reported by parti-cipants. We conclude that the actions proposed by the PSE take into account local health problems, but the actors involved in the process consider that there are barriers in relation to this work, which must be addressed so that the execution of the actions takes place in a more efficient way in the school context.