Elaboração e aplicação de um curso de introdução à plataforma Arduino-Ardublock-ESP32

Abstract

This dissertation fits into the context of research related to the teaching of programming and experiment automation, specifically on the Arduino platform. However, for this purpose, we seek to understand what the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) envisages regarding programming education in its competencies and skills, fostering a discussion about the presence of these topics in the BNCC. Throughout this project, we emphasize that teaching programming and experiment automation is necessary as society undergoes one of the most significant technological changes, the fourth industrial revolution, also known as Industry 4.0. Similar to previous revolutions, society has undergone substantial modifications, including the education system. In this project, we propose moving beyond the discussion of "should we teach programming and automation?" to introduce a new question: "how should we teach?" Considering technological changes, we conducted research in teaching journals to gather data on how many works in this theme used theoretical teaching frameworks and how they applied them. In our pedagogical practice, we adopted computational thinking as a theoretical framework for an introductory course on the Arduino-Ardublock-ESP32 platform, focusing on students' interests. This led to the development of material on the application of a project in an automated irrigation system and the creation of modules related to the applicability of technology in new contexts. The course comprised 10 modules, with 6 in the first chapter and 4 in the second. We conducted 11 sessions, delivered in a hybrid format of both remote and in-person, each lasting 1 hour. In the face of technological changes, we sought evidence related to the interchangeability hypothesis of the pillars of computational thinking. Based on the results obtained, we analyzed aspects related to the intervention, exploring its potential and points of fragility. We used the research methodology proposed by Damiani to conduct this analysis. The resulting educational product is the creation of a workbook and modifications to Ardublock, establishing a programming foundation for the ESP32 platform.