Modelagem, análise e redução de distorções harmônicas produzidas por reatores de lâmpadas fluorescentes

Abstract

Due to the high energy demand that has increased in recent years, new technological research has been essential to reduce waste and increase energy efficiency of equipment. One of the main points that received attention was the lightning, where the inefficient incandescente lamps are being replaced by economic compact fluorescent lamps and electromagnetic ballasts are being replaced by modern electronic ballasts, reducing consumption and increasing efficiencies. However, many manufacturers do not invest in the quality of energy, hence producing equipment with low power factor and large levels of harmonic distortion. The main objective of this study is to analyze and quantify the level of harmonic distortion in the current waveform generated by lighting ballasts. This analysis shows the implementation of models in the PSIM software that can be used to design passive filters. These filters can be used to reduce harmonic content produced by ballasts. The work presents measurements of the harmonic content of some ballasts, the modeling of the load in PSIM, the simulation of different filter topologies and the practical results of a prototype.