Avaliação da interação fluído-estrutura em ambientes urbanos idealizados utilizando simulação de grandes turbilhões

Abstract

Increased urbanization is a global phenomenon that significantly alters the natural environment, directly impacting the local climate. In this way, the growth of cities introduces a large amount of artificial materials into a space and changes in the relief, thus altering the energy balance of the surface. These changes give rise to urban microclimates, so it is crucial to understand these effects and develop strategies to mitigate negative impacts on public health, energy consumption and thermal comfort. Therefore, this work is based on using the PALM meteorological model (Parallelized Large-Eddy Simulation Model) to simulate an idealized urban environment. PALM is a high-resolution numerical simulation model that allows detailed analysis of atmospheric physical processes, and was used to study the effects of urbanization on wind flow, through two fictitious urban scenarios with controlled variables. The simulation consists of two cases, the first being a set of few buildings and wider streets and the second a more dense representation with more buildings and narrower streets. The initial flow velocity was 1 m s-1 and the total simulation time was 3 hours, plus the time of the precursor round that was used as initial condition. As output data, a 2D visualization of the flow was extracted through a cross-section of the domain, in order to visualize the structures formed, in addition to the vertical velocity profiles plotted at arbitrary points. After plotting, characteristics such as the formation of more recirculation zones and denser regions, in addition to high low pressure points, can be seen. Furthermore, it was possible to observe the formation of wind corridors and stagnation points in both simulated situations. All results were discussed and analyzed, in addition to being correlated with the impacts on the urban climate.