Corpo e voz: análise do discurso das estudantes mulheres no ensino superior

Abstract

The present work sought to understand the speeches of women at the Federal University of Pampa, in addition to reflecting about the processes of signification of the body as an resistance effect. To this end, we developed a theoretical-analytical device based on Michel Pêcheux's materialist Discourse Analysis, with the aim of promoting discussions about the conditions of production of these discourses. In this case, the choice of this theme was due to gender inequality perceived in the most diverse social layers, which led us to look at the dominant ideology that leads women to the condition of subalternity in different spaces, such as the workplace and even in private life. Furthermore, many women are affected by the sexist speech in the classroom, both on part of teachers and classmates, whether men or women, and these events are so rooted in these spaces that they often hide the effects of silencing. In this sense, in Higher Education, we don't find a different scenario, because, even in scientific-academic production, there are restrictions anchored in values of a hegemonic model that excludes them. In short, this issue becomes necessary given the possibility of rights loss already achieved, in addition to cases of violence and femicide that are progressing, because, even though laws currently exist, there are no guarantees that women are protected. In this way, the discursive corpus was composed of speeches by undergraduate students from the Portuguese Literature and Computer Engineering courses at Unipampa and the observation of body manifestations in the classroom space. Therefore, based on these practices, it was possible to recognize how women resist in these spaces against the face of silencing attempts, since we understand that there are cases in which this subject-woman does not accept this condition and that, even in silence, she produces senses. Likewise, we observed, in the analysis of the interview clippings, the reproduction of a patriarchal ideology, reinforcing the social imaginary created for women, whose representation differs from the profile of efficiency and professionalism that is linked to the image of a man. Therefore, this research provides an opportunity to reflect on women's constant search for equality in Higher Education, as well as understanding the functioning of the discourse of the university-woman subject, as, based on its materiality, it was possible to understand the different effects of meanings, thinking about the conditions of production and processes of reproduction/transformation of sexist discourse, in addition to the contradictory conditions that drive the struggles of women who still resist the ideology of patriarchy.