Hidrogênio verde como fonte de energia: visão geral sobre iniciativas regulatórias no Brasil

Abstract

This paper looks at the energy use of hydrogen as a vector for decarbonization. Hydrogen can be obtained from sources such as natural gás and water. In this scenario, Green hydrogen (H2V) is produced from water by electrolysis, generated from renewable sources such as winda nd solar energy. This hás driven efforts in several countries to promote the development of this technology. Brazil has a competitive advantage in the production of H2V dueto its significant Wind and solar energy potential. This opens up opportunities for attracting investment. In addition, H2V can be used to guarantee the security of energy systems and to cover energy shortages during periods when intermittent renewable energies are less available. As part of the energy transition, countries are setting targets to reduce Green house gas (GHG) emissions in order to mitigate climate change and establish sustainable development. With this in mind, H2V has emerged as a sustainable energy vector with the potential to replace fossil fuels. However, the integration of H2V into the energy matrix faces challenges, such as the lack of a regulatory framework that guarantees legal certainty to attract investment. The aim of this paper is to analyze the regulations related to hydrogen technology in Brazil and their challenges and opportunities. To this end, a bibliographical survey was carried out of existing regulations and projects and of the aspects necessary for the use of this energy vector in the Brazilian context. It was observed that the hydrogen market lacks comprehensive regulation. Currently, there is no regulatory basis governing all the economic activities associated with this market. With the fight against climate change taking on a crucial role, the demand for solutions that lead to the decarbonization of the economy is growing globally.