Reconstrução do experimento histórico de Mendel para uma proposta de ensino e aprendizagem em ciências

Abstract

The experimental activities and the History of Science developed in the classroom present themselves as a possibility to improve the teaching and learning of science through its historical-investigative approach. This work presents an investigation with students in the 9th year of Elementary School, seeking to answer the question: Can experimental activities contribute to the development of the theme Heredity in the final years of Elementary School? In this way, investigate the didactic-pedagogical contributions in the teaching and learning processes of the Heredity theme based on playful activities and the Reconstruction of Gregor Mendel's Historical Experiment with peas. To assist in these reflections, we bring the epistemological assumptions of Humberto Maturana texts, some ideas about practical activities in teaching Science and Biology, Didactic Transposition and how to work on the topic of Genetics and Heredity in Basic Education. From this perspective, a Didactic Sequence was constructed with a proposal involving the Reconstruction of Mendel's Historical Experiment. The data obtained during the investigation involved audio recordings of the meetings, written in the logbooks and the questionnaires answered by the participating subjects, later analyzed using the Content Analysis methodology. The results highlighted the potential of using Historical Experiment Reconstruction as an instrument to improve teaching and learning, as well as the development of creativity, imagination, autonomy and cooperation among those involved in the interaction process. As an educational product, an e-book was produced with the activities carried out using Mendel's Historical Experiment Reconstruction, as well as a tutorial on how to reconstruct the experiment from the crossing of Pisum sativum peas.