Estabelecimento inicial da cultura do milho em diferentes manejos de cobertura do solo, velocidades e profundidades de semeadura

Abstract

It is known that the cultivation of corn in recent years has had an increasing behavior in its use in succession with the cultivation of soybeans and livestock, and that the different types of management of the predecessor crop have a direct influence on the subsequent crop. This work aims to evaluate the initial establishment of the off-season corn crop, under different operational conditions and different management of the soil vegetation cover in the experimental area of the Agricultural Engineering Course, located at the Federal University of Pampa - Unipampa, Campus Alegrete, Rio Grande do Sul. A tractor-seeder set will be used using a combination of three coverage managements, two depths and three sowing speeds. The experiment will be conducted in randomized blocks in a three-factor scheme (3x2x3) consisting of two depths (0.03m and 0.06m), three sowing speeds (3.0; 6.0 and 9.0 km h-1) and three management systems (conventional, poorly managed pasture and cover pasture. It is concluded that different surface management has a significant impact on the regularity of distribution of corn plants. The direct planting system presented advantages, promoting a more uniform distribution compared to conventional and cultivated systems. This result highlights the importance of surface management in the effectiveness of initial crop establishment. The sowing depth influences the initial establishment of the corn crop. A depth of 3.0 cm proved to be more suitable, especially in the direct planting system, resulting in greater plant height and greater uniformity in seed distribution. Seeding speed was a critical factor in the initial establishment of the corn crop. The inverse relationship between speed and emergency speed index (IVE). A speed of 3.0 km/h proved to be the most effective, while 9.0 km/h had a negative impact. Keywords: Grain productivity; distribution uniformity.